Everyday Science Exercise 9 ( The Universe )

Everyday Science Exercise 9 ( The Universe )

• Sun is closer to earth in January
• At perihelion, earth is nearest tosun
• Earth’s axis is inclined at an angle of 66 ½ deg: to the plane of its orbit around the sun or the axis is inclined at 23 ½ deg: from the vertical
• Soros cycle is the largest interval between two total solar eclipses about 18 years
• Sun has 27 day rotation period
• Moon’s rotation period is equal to the Earth’s
• Rotation period of earth is 23hrs, 56min, 4sec
• Earth rotates around on axis pointing towards the Polar Star
• Revolution period is 365 ¼ days = 365.25 days, ¼ is added for leap year
• Duration of day at poles is 6 months.
• Equinox means equal days and nights
• Sun’s energy is called Insulation
• The visible yellow face of sun is called Photosphere
• The gravity of sun is 28 times greater than that of earth
• Moon completes 13 circles in a year around earth
• Sun is 13 x 10 power 5 times larger than earth
• Maximum duration of solar eclipse is 7 min 40 sec
• Sun reaches its maximum angular distance from Equator at Solistice
• Millions of asteroids orbit the sun in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter
• Asteroids (minor planets) are make of rock, metal or a mixture of both.
• First asteroid discovered was Ceres by Italian astronomer Guiseppe Piazzi in 1801.
• Ceres is the largest asteroid
• Chiron is one of several distant asteroids which orbit between Jupiter and Uranus
• The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
• Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
• Comet is made of ice and dust
• Edmond Halley was the first to calculate the path of a comet and predict when it would be seen again.
• Halley’s comet was named in his honor though he did not discover it.
• The patterns in stars are called constellations.
• In 1930, astronomers finally agreed how to divide the whole sky into 88 areas, which are called
• constellations.
• Closest star is Gienah
• Speed of light is 3,00,000 km/sec
• Which planet is named after the Roman god of war? Mars
• Galaxies are the families of stars.
• About 80% of galaxies are elliptical and other are spiral
• Elliptical galaxies contain very little gas and dust and hardly any new stars are born in them.
• Spiral galaxies are disk shaped and usually have clouds of dust and gas where new stars are born.
• Light travels at 3,00,000 km/s. the speed at which you can round the world seven times in very second.
• Light takes 8 minutes to reach the earth from sun.
• In space light travels 9461 million million km in a year. Astronomers call this distance a light year.
• Two planet Earth’s could fit side by side inside the Great Red Spot of Jupiter.
• Jupiter’s volcanic moon is called IO and other moons are Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.
• Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system.
• Europa is the moon of Jupiter
• The moon has no atmosphere because its gravitational pull is not strong enough to hold an atmosphere
• Chondrite meteorites are the oldest rocks in the solar system.
• Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
• ‘Galileo Satellites’, named after their discoverer, are four large moons of the planet
• Mars contain atmosphere of Carbon dioxide and Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium.
• Venus is about the same size as Earth.
• Venus’s atmosphere is 90 times thicker than our. It traps so well that the temperature of Venus’s surface is about 430 degree centigrade.
• Closest star is (Gienah) 680,000 million, million, kilometers.
• Nicolous Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Poland. He was the first to explain the solar system.
• Chiron is one of several distant asteroids with orbits between Jupiter and Uranus.
• In the Solar system there are 2 Mount Olympus's Greece and where- Mars
• What is the brightest star always in the Northern sky-Vega